Research Article: The influence of anisotropic nano- to micro-topography on in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis

An overarching theme of the Nanomedicine Special Focus Issue on ‘Engineering the nanoenvironment for regenerative medicine’ is the regulation of cellular function through nanotopographical modification. Mashinchian et al. present a comprehensive review of the contribution of nanotopography to the field with particular focus on stem cell fate on nanotopographies. In this article, Azeem et al. present research on micro- to nano-scale grooved topographies and how these influence osteoblast function in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo. Aim: Topographically modified substrates are increasingly used in tissue engineering to enhance biomimicry. The overarching hypothesis is that topographical cues will control cellular response...